Several analytical studies, memoirs, and anthologies are useful for studying the Democratic Kampuchea period and its aftermath. The most recent of these are David Chandler, Voices from S-21: Terror and History in Pol Pot’s Secret Prison (Berkeley, Calif., 1999); and Ben Kiernan, The Pol Pot Regime (New Haven, Conn., 1995), which draws to a large extent on interviews conducted in the 1980s. Earlier analyses include Michael Vickery’s Cambodia, 1975—1982 (Boston, 1983); and Craig Etcheson, The Rise and Demise of Democratic Kampuchea (Boulder, Colo., 1984), an intelligent survey that, unlike Vickery’s book, relies entirely on secondary sources. Becker, When the War Was Over, attempts a politico-cultural explanation for events, as does Martin, Le mal cambodgien. See also R. A. Burgler, The Eyes of the Pineapple: Revolutionary Intellectuals and Terror in Democratic Kampuchea (Saarbrücken, 1990), which approaches Democratic Kampuchea from a radical perspective.

In addition to the memoirs already cited, see Laurence Picq, Au dela du ciel (Paris, 1984), a moving account of life in Democratic Kampuchea by a Frenchwoman married to a DK official; Haing Ngor, Surviving the Killing Fields (New York, 1988); and Norodom Sihanouk, Prisonnier des khmers rouges (Paris, 1987). See also Vann Nath, A Cambodian Prison Portrait: One Year in the Khmer Rouge’s S-21 (Bangkok, 1998). The most recent estimate of deaths in Cambodia in the 1970s is Patrick Heuveline, “Between One and Three Million: Toward the Demographic Reconstruction of a Decade of Cambodian History, 1970-1979,” Population Studies 52 (1998): 39-65.

Two useful anthologies of primary materials are Timothy Carney’s pioneering Communist Party Power in Kampuchea (Cambodia): Documents and Discussion (Ithaca, N.Y, 1977); and David Chandler, Ben Kiernan, and Chanthou Boua, eds. and trans., Pol Pot Plans the Future: Confidential Documents from Democratic Kampuchea, 1976—1977 (New Haven, Conn., 1988). See also Henri Locard, Le petit livre rouge de Pol Pot ou les paroles de l‘Angkar (Paris, 1996).

Three collections of essays about Democratic Kampuchea are of interest: Serge Thion and Ben Kiernan, Khmers rouges! (Paris, 1981); David P. Chandler and Ben Kiernan, eds., Revolution and Its Aftermath in Kampuchea (New Haven, Conn., 1983); and Karl Jackson, ed., Cambodia, 1975—1978: Rendezvous with Death (Princeton, N.J., 1989). See also Serge Thion, Watching Cambodia (Bangkok, 1996), a stimulating collection of essays, many of which deal with the Pol Pot era.

On developments in China impinging on the Cambodian revolution, see William Joseph et al., eds., New Perspectives on the Cultural Revolution (Cambridge, Mass., 1990); Paul J. Hiniker, Revolutionary Ideology and Chinese Reality: Dissonance Under Mao (Beverly Hills, Calif., 1977); Stuart Schram, The Thought of Mao Tse-Tung (Cambridge, Mass., 1989); and Lynn White, Policies of Chaos: The Organizational Causes of Violence in Chiua’s Cultural Revolution (Princeton, N.J., 1989).

On Vietnam, see William Turley, ed., Vietnamese Communism in Comparative Perspective (Boulder, Colo., 1980), an interesting collection of essays.