McGovern’s committee hearings on obesity: Select Committee 1977e (“Thus, what I am saying,” 205–6).

“denunciation”: Interview, Theodore Van Itallie. See also his testimony in Select Committee 1977e:44–64.

“gross inaccuracies…”: Interview, Theodore Van Itallie. “We just despised…”: Interview, Albert Stunkard.

Van Itallie and White’s critique: Anon. 1973. Mayer’s column: Mayer 1973b.

“a few hundred thousand…”: Interview, Theodore Van Itallie. Van Itallie’s writings: Van Itallie et al. 1976; Pi-Sunyer and Van Itallie 1975; Van Itallie 1978; Van Itallie 1979: Van Itallie 1980a; Van Itallie 1980b. Fourth International Congress: Hirsch and Van Itallie 1985. In Present Knowledge in Nutrition: Vaselli et al. 1984. No time to do research: Interview, Theodore Van Itallie.

Van Itallie on dietary therapy: Van Itallie 1978 (“increasing recognition…,” 610); Van Itallie 1979; Van Itallie 1980b:250–51. Footnote. Van Itallie 1980b:250–51).

Bray’s disagreements with Sims: See Sims and Danforth 1974. Bray’s conference résumé in the 1970s: Bray 1975; Bray 1976a; Bray ed. 1978; Bray 1979. Textbooks: Bray and Bethune 1974; Bray 1976b; Bray 1980.

Bray believed: Interview, George Bray. Bray’s treatment of Young in Obesity in Perspective: Bray 1975:43. “confirmation before they…”: Gwinup 1974:98. “The data are suggestive…”: Bray 1976b:312–13. The report on the NIH conference: Bray 1975; Bray 1976a (research priorities and “gaps in our current knowledge,” 1–6). Leading proponent: See, for instance, Bray and Popkin 1998; Bray and Popkin 1999.

Novin’s 1977 presentation: Novin 1978 (“widespread popularity…”). Bray omitted mention: Bray 1978. Greenwood’s “gatekeeper” presentation: Greenwood 1985. Hirsch ignores implications: Hirsch 1985. Footnote: Interview, Donald Novin.

Bray would routinely equate: See, for instance, Brody 1981c; Select Committee 1977c:106, 207. “highly commendable”: Select Committee 1977e:206. The MRC report: James 1977 (“commonly prescribed…,” 171).

“If such diets are truly…”: Quoted in Anon. 1973.

“The evergrowing list of diets…”: Select Committee 1977e:101. “The proliferation…”: Hirsch 1985:195.

“common factor of reducing…”: Mann 1974. “instant money nutritionists”: Stare 1987:xxx. “very lucrative…”: Whelan and Stare 1983:26. Footnote. Mayer 1968:160.

The Harvard nutrition department’s $5 million building, and the “lead gift”: Stare 1987:xv–xvi. Stare as the defender of sugar and additives: Rosenthal et al. 1976. Footnote. Whelan and Stare 1983:194 (“not even remotely”).

Hill’s articles in Science: Hill and Peters 1998; Hill et al. 2003. “reduce the likelihood…” and “The theory that…”: Hill n.d. Hill’s conflict-of-interest statements: See, for instance, Foster et al. 2003:2089. Received $2 million in “gifts” from Procter & Gamble: Information gathered via a Freedom of Information Act request to the University of Colorado in Sept. 2003. “dieter’s dream”: Potts 1987.

Hill received $300,000 from NIH: NIH Extramural Awards by State and Foreign Site: http://grants1.nih.gov/grants/award/state/state.htm. $5 million: e-mail from Marguerite Klein, NIH program officer for the Atkins diet trial.

“A resolution…”: Novin 1978:31.

CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR:
THE CARBOHYDRATE HYPOTHESIS, III: HUNGER AND SATIETY

Epigraph. “There is only one way…”: Konner 2003:376.

Sidbury described: Sidbury and Schwartz 1975 (“rational basis” “minimum of anguish…,” 66). His three-page article: Schwartz and Sidbury 1974. Sidbury noted: Sidbury and Schwartz 1975:66–67. Sidbury’s diet: Ibid.:67–69. Footnote. Ibid.

Dietary fat prolongs drainage of nutrients: Davidson and Passmore 1963:97.

Mayer’s glucostat hypothesis: Mayer 1968:20–24.

lipostatic regulation: Kennedy 1961. Set point: See Keesey 1980.

“weight loss triggers…”: Stunkard 1980:9. “It is not appealing…”: Quoted in Rovner 1986. Mysterious mechanism: Davis and Wirtshafter 1978.