Long bones continue to increase in length as long as their epiphyses, the smal caps at each end, remain separate from the bone itself.
Growth stops when a bone's epiphyses unite with its shaft. Luckily for the anthropologist, each set of epiphyses marches to its own clock.
By observing the state of development of the arm, leg, and col arbones, I was able to narrow my age estimate. I'd requested dental X-rays so I could observe molar root development, but already I had no doubt. The girl in the crate had died between the ages of sixteen and eighteen.
My case form had a dozen checks in the column indicating Euro
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pean ancestry. Narrow nasal opening. Sharply projecting lower nasal border. Highly angled nasal bridge. Prominent nasal spine. Cheekbones tight to the face. Every feature and measurement placed the skul squarely in the Caucasoid category. I was certain the girl was white.
And tiny. Leg bone measurements indicated she stood approximately five feet two inches tal .
Though I'd examined every bone and bone fragment, I'd found not a single mark of violence. A few scratches in the vicinity of the right auditory canal looked superficial and V-shaped under magnification.
I suspected the marks were a postmortem artifact, caused by abrasion with the ground surface, or careless handling during removal to the crate.
The teeth showed evidence of poor hygiene and no dental restorations.
Now I was turning to postmortem interval. How long had she been dead? With just dry bone, PMI was going to be a bitch.
The human body is a Copernican microcosm composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. The heart is the daystar, providing life source to every metabolic system in the galaxy.
When the heart stops pumping, it's cytoplasmic chaos. Cel ular enzymes begin a cannibalistic feast on the body's own carbohydrates and proteins. Cel membranes rupture, releasing food for armies of microorganisms. Bacteria in the gut start munching outward.
Environmental bacteria, carrion insects, and scavenging animals start munching inward.
Burial, submersion, or embalming retards the process of decomposition.
Certain mechanical and chemical agents boost it.
So how long are we talking for dust to dust?
With extreme heat and humidity, loss of soft tissue can occur in as little as three days. But that's a land record. Under normal conditions, with shal ow burial, a body takes six months to a year to go skeletal.
Enclosure in a basement might slow that. Enclosure in a basement in the subarctic might slow that a lot.
What facts did I have?
The bodies were found in shal ow graves. Was that the original place of burial? How soon after death had they been placed there?
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At least two had been flexed, knees drawn tight to the chest. At least one had been bundled, wrapped in an outer covering of leather. Beyond that, I knew squat. Moisture. Soil acidity. Temperature fluctuation.
What could I say?